PUBLIC INSTITUTION VETERINARY INSTITUTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA "DR VASO BUTOZAN"
Domestic projects
2024
Genetic Diversity and Pathogenic Impact of the Species Haemonchus contortus in Domestic and Wild Ruminants
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade.
Coordinator: Dr. Oliver Stevanović, research associate.
Goal: Determining genetic diversity and pathogenic impact Haemonchus contortus in domestic and wild ruminants.
Short description: Pathological findings of parasites in dead and diseased animals Haemonchus contortus It is limited by severe inflammation of the rumen (abomasitis) and general anemia. However, a clear distinction has not been made in the pathological picture between domestic and wild ruminants. Previous years have seen the initiation of studies dealing with the genotyping of the nematode Haemonchus contortusThe studies conducted primarily used the Sanger sequencing methodology of mitochondrial genes (cox and up gene family), yielding data that indicates high genetic diversity in this parasite, which is influenced by external environmental factors. The results of these investigations were influenced by the geographical location of the study, differences in the analysis of target gene markers, as well as differences in the hosts and the husbandry of domestic ruminants. A similar study has not been conducted in Southeast Europe, nor are there data on the diversity of this parasite in Republika Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) and neighboring countries. This finding justifies the investigation, as resistance has been proven for the first time in Bosnia and Herzegovina Haemonchus contortus on benzimidazoles. Differences in genetic diversity are interrelated with the transmission and formation of resistance genes to many antiparasitic drugs. Indicators of significant genetic diversity in this parasite may also point to population expansion, increased prevalence in hosts, and an increase in mutations that can lead to the acquisition of resistance. Pathogenic impact Haemonchus contortus is very significant for domestic and wild ruminants, which threatens the health status of this wildlife in the hunting grounds of the Republika Srpska. The parasite population Haemonchus contortus in domestic and wild ruminants represents an old, heterogeneous metapopulation with a pronounced genetic diversity. Divergence is within the limits of a single species, but the presence of old divergent lines in the interbreeding goats and deer is noticeable. Differentiation is weak, and gene flow is high, indicating that there are no ecological or geographical barriers for the parasite in this area. Such population interactions and genetic signals indirectly show the exchange of alleles and genes that could be associated with anthelmintic resistance. Furthermore, these results may indicate a future increase in the prevalence of haemonchosis in domestic and wild ruminants.
2023
Public Health Risk, Prevalence, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Drinking Water from Poultry Farms (Министарство за научнотехнолошки развој и високо образовање, број: 19.032/961-101/23)
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka.
Coordinator: dr Bojan Golic, Senior Research Fellow
Goal: Утврђивање и процјена јавно здравственог ризика учесталости и антимикробне резистенције патогених бактерија у води за пиће поријеклом са фарми живине.
Short description: The reason for implementing the project is the finding that a significant number of drinking water samples are microbiologically unacceptable due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria, and the potential antimicrobial resistance of these bacteria, which are introduced into the bodies of humans and animals through drinking water. On the other hand, antimicrobial resistance, as an increasingly common cause of a wide range of conditions and diseases, primarily in humans, is the focus of professional and scientific research worldwide. The project provides answers to questions about the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, as well as virulence factors that contribute to resistance in pathogenic bacteria in drinking water, which enter the bodies of humans and animals directly.
2019
Hormones in Cow's Milk – Significance for Assessing Cow Health and the Degree of Risk to Human Health (Ministry for Scientific and Technological Development, Higher Education and Information Society, number: 19.032/961-71/19)
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade.
Coordinator:: dr Bojan Golic, Senior Research Fellow
Goal: Monitoring the concentration of hormones that could potentially pose a risk to human health in the milk of cows at different stages of lactation, as well as in consumer milk, to determine whether the values at certain stages of lactation exceed the recommended values and whether the values in consumer milk are above the limits considered risky for humans.
Short description: The significance of the project is that the results obtained can be compared with the values established in Directives or published works, based on which recommendations can be made regarding the maximum percentage contribution of raw milk from different stages of lactation to the pooled milk marketed. Considering the fact that permissible limit values for hormones are currently being established at the level of European countries and have not yet been legally regulated for all hormones, the obtained results contribute to expanding the knowledge of the factors that influence the concentration of hormones in milk.
NUTRITIONAL STRATEGIES FOR FEEDING BROILERS DURING GROWTH WITH A CHANGED FAT ACID PROFILE OF THE DIET, BY INCREASING THE CONTENT OF OMEGA-3 FATS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL ANIMAL-BASED FOODS(Ministry of Science and Technological Development and Higher Education, number: 19.032/961-77/19)
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade. Coordinator: Prof. Dr Drago Nedic, DVM
Goal: Obtaining animal-derived foods with an increased content of biologically active substances important for consumer health.
Short description: The results of the research on this project have made it possible to influence consumer awareness and eating habits by designing animal-based foods to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases, which are exacerbated by the modern lifestyle and human diet, and thereby also impact public health. public health within the “One Health” concept. The project provided a new approach to animal nutrition that integrates the simultaneous control of animal health status with the ability to achieve maximum production results (while analyzing the genetic mechanisms underlying intensive livestock production) and which allows the genetic potential of production animals to be utilized, their health preserved, and value-added animal-derived food obtained through a modern approach to animal nutrition.
2018
Occurrence of Foodborne Pathogenic Listeria Species in the Republika Srpska and Investigation of the Effect of Spices and Other Technological Production Procedures on Their Reduction CATION(Ministryof for scientific research and development, higher education, and the information society of the Republic of Srpska, numberј: 19/6-020/961-76/18)
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Croatian Veterinary Institute Zagreb.
Coordinator:: Prof. Dr Drago Nedic, DVM
Goal: Investigating food production facilities to determine the presence of Listeria, in order to prevent its occurrence and spread, raise awareness, and ensure the implementation of mandatory hygiene measures.
Short description: Investigations in this project identified the presence of Listeria in the meat processing plant (pork and beef program) in both raw materials and on work surfaces, as well as in the fish processing plant in fresh trout, fish fillet, and on the work surface. In the facilities where Listeria was detected, additional cleaning, washing, and disinfection measures were immediately carried out, after which follow-up testing confirmed that Listeria was no longer present.
Detection of the Presence of Reproductive Pathogens in the Swine Population of the Republika Srpska(Ministryof for scientific research and development, higher education, and the information society of the Republic of Srpska number: 19/6-020/961-77/18)
Coordinator: др Жељко Сладојевић, др вет.,
SUSTAINABLE POLLINATION SERVICE FOR HORTICULTURAL PLANTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA: INVENTORY OF SPECIES, MANAGEMENT, AND BIOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS(Ministryof for scientific research and development, higher education, and the information society of the Republic of Srpska, number 19/6-020/961-151/18)
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Institute for Genetic Resources of the University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Banja Luka.
Coordinator: Dr. Violeta Santrač, research associate.
Goal: Assessing the diversity of wild bee species present in three intensive apple orchards during the flowering period.
Short description: The distance between the orchards was at least two kilometers, and all the orchards consisted of the same apple varieties: Aidared, Golden Delicious, Pink, and Gala. Bee sampling was conducted in April 2019. In total, there were 36 species of wild bees, classified into 7 different genera. The number of species was 13, 16, and 26 per orchard, representing 4, 5, and 6 genera, respectively. The most numerous was Andrena with 15 species, while Lossioglossum counted 10 species, and Bombus was present with six species. In addition to these, the following genera were also found: Xilocopa, Halictus, Osmia and ColletesThe diversity of bees shows significant differences in pollination among orchards. It was concluded that additional measures should be taken to ensure better conditions for the breeding and rearing of wild bees, all in order to achieve optimal pollination services.
2015
The Influence of Insulin Receptor and Glucose Transporter Protein Expression in the Tissues of Pregnant Cows on the Vitality of Their Calves
Coordinator: Professor Dr. Draguтин Matarugić.
Development and Optimization of an In-House ELISA Test for the Diagnosis of Leptospirosis as a Zoonotic Disease of Special Importance for Human and Animal Health(Ministryof of Science and Technology of the Republika Srpska number: 19/6-020/961-39/15)
Participants: Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade.
Coordinator: Prof. Dr Drago Nedic, DVM
Goal: Seroprevalence of Leptospira in dogs and red foxes in the Republika Srpska, after the heavy rainfall and floods in 2014 and two years later.
Short description: Im Rahmen der seroepidemiologischen Studie wurden Serumproben von Hunden und Füchsen mittels mikroskopischem Agglutinationstest untersucht. Bei 52,04 % der getesteten Hunde wurden Antikörper gegen mindestens einen Leptospira-Serovar gefunden, wobei die Seroprävalenz im Jahr 2014 (81,25 %) deutlich höher war als im Jahr 2015. Jahr (51,42 %) und 2016 (22,5 %). Bei 34,82 % der untersuchten Rotfüchse wurden Antikörper gegen mindestens einen Serovar nachgewiesen, wobei die Seroprävalenz im Jahr 2015 (52,94 %) deutlich höher war als im Jahr 2016 (6,82 %). Die in dieser Studie festgestellte hohe Seroprävalenz bei Hunden und Füchsen weist auf die Bedeutung dieser Fleischfresser für die Aufrechterhaltung der Leptospirose im Untersuchungsgebiet sowie auf das potenzielle Infektionsrisiko für Menschen und andere Tierarten hin, die mit diesen Caniden in Kontakt kommen. Die erzielten Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass reichliche Niederschläge und intensive Überschwemmungen zu einer erhöhten Inzidenz von Leptospirose-Infektionen bei diesen Caniden beitragen können.
2014
The Influence of Race and Season on the Quality Parameters of Bull Semen(Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republika Srpska, number: 19/6-020/961-141/14)
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Institute for Genetic Resources of the University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Banja Luka.
Coordinator: проф. др Стоја Јотановић.
Goal: Investigating the influence of breed and annual season on the parameters of boar semen quality under pig farming conditions.
Short description: The scientific and professional significance lies in identifying the factors that can influence the production and quality parameters of bull semen, as well as the ways in which the impact of these factors can be utilised or compensated for, The economic significance lies in maximising the utilisation of breeding boars during the period when sperm production and quality are at their optimal level during the year, which enables the timing of pig production and the realisation of economic benefits. The results are useful for agricultural and veterinary professionals, staff employed on pig farms and breeding centres, as well as researchers in the field of pig reproduction.
Occurrence of Bacteria, Yeasts and Moulds in Fresh Fruit and Vegetables as a Consequence of their Ability to Adhere and Penetrate the Internal Tissues(Ministry of Science and Technology Republic Srpske number:: 19/6-020/961-19/14)
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Institute for Genetic Resources of the University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Banja Luka.
Coordinator:: Professor Dr Milos Solaja.
Goal: Determining the microbiological status of fresh fruit and vegetables with regard to the ability of microorganisms to attach to and penetrate the internal tissues.
Short description: The total number of aerobic mesophilic bacteria on the surface of lettuce leaves is reduced by 2.27 log by washing, whereas the reduction in the inner parts of the lettuce leaves was much smaller, at 0.42 log. The total number of yeasts and moulds on the surface of the lettuce leaves after washing decreases by 1.16 log, whereas no reduction is observed in the inner parts of the lettuce leaves. Escherichia coli It was not found on the surface or in the inner parts of the lettuce leaves. Salmonella Species were identified in one sample on the surface of the leaves of unwashed lettuce. Most samples were contaminated with coagulase-positive staphylococci, which were found on the surface of lettuce leaves in 57.5% of unwashed and 12.5% of washed samples. These bacteria were not found in the inner parts of the lettuce leaves. Sulphite-reducing clostridia were detected in 7.5% of washed and unwashed samples on the surface of the lettuce leaves and in 22.5% of samples in the inner parts of the leaves.
Assessment of stress in cows by determining glucocorticosteroid concentrations in biological samples obtained by non-invasive techniques(Ministryof of Science and Technology of the Republika Srpska number: 19/6-020/961-116/14)
Participants Public Institution Veterinary Institute of Republika Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade.
Coordinator: Prof. Dr Drago Nedic, DVM
Goal: Assessment of stress in cows by determining glucocorticosteroid concentrations in biological materials, which is of exceptional importance for monitoring the production capacity of herds.
Short description: In cattle production, individuals are often exposed to various stressors, and if the stress persists, then the secretion of glucocorticosteroids, as an indicator of stress, increases, leading to a significant reduction in milk production and the development of reproductive and metabolic disorders. The study was conducted on Holstein and Bush cows and heifers. Cortisol concentrations determined in the proximal and distal segments of the base were significantly higher in Holstein than in Brown Swiss cows and heifers. In Holstein cows, no significant difference was found between the concentrations in black and white hairs. In the isopropanol-washed hair, the cortisol concentration was significantly lower than in the unwashed hair. Blood serum cortisol concentrations in Holstein cows and heifers were significantly higher than in Bos taurus cows and heifers. Cortisol in the milk of Holstein cows was significantly higher than in that of Bush cows. The higher cortisol concentrations in Holstein cows are presumed to be the result of intensive rearing and physiological adaptation to high milk production. Furthermore, cortisol concentration varies depending on the hair treatment technique (washing), but not on coat colour in Holsteins.
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